Positive Degree of Adjectives and Adverbs in English

In English  grammar, the positive degree is the basic, uncompared form of an adjective or adverb, as opposed to either the comparative or superlative. Also called the base form  or the absolute degree. The concept of positive degree in the English language is one of the simplest to grasp.    For example, in the phrase the big prize, the adjective big is in the positive degree (the form that appears in a dictionary). The comparative form of big is bigger; the superlative form is biggest. C. Edward Good notes that the raw adjective--in its positive state--merely describes the noun modified; it doesnt care about how this particular person or thing stacks up against other members of the same noun class (Whose Grammar Book Is This Anyway? 2002) Etymology From the Latin, to place Examples and Observations Yertle the turtle was king of the pond.A nice little pond. It was clean. It was neat.The water was warm. There was plenty to eat.(Dr. Seuss,  Yertle the Turtle. Random House, 1958)There were three nice, fat little pigs.  The first was  small, the second was smaller, and the third was the smallest of all.(Howard Pyle, The Three Little Pigs and the Ogre. The Wonder Clock, 1988)It was a large heart with lots of hearts growing smaller inside, and piercing from the outside rim to the smallest heart was an arrow.(Maya Angelou,  I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings. Random House, 1969)Few  things are harder to put up with than the annoyance of a  good  example.(Mark Twain,  Puddnhead Wilson, 1894)The tone of the trombone is allied in quality to that of the French horn. It also possesses a noble and  majestic sound, one that is even larger and rounder than the horns tone.(Aaron Copland,  What to Listen For in Music, 1939)Humanity has advanced, when it has advanced, not because it has been  sober, responsible, and  cautious, but because it has been  playful, rebellious, and  immature.(Tom Robbins, Still Life with Woodpecker. Random House, 1980)Marys parents  traveled far  to trade and to search for food.(Shannon Lowry, Natives of the Far North. Stackpole, 1994)The inspirational value of the space program is probably of far greater importance to education than any input of dollars.(Arthur C. Clarke,  Profiles of the Future: An Inquiry into the Limits of the Possible,1962) Three Degrees to Consider   Adjectives change form to show degree of comparison. There are  three degrees of comparison: positive, comparative, and superlative. . . .The  positive degree  describes one item or one group of items. The positive form is the form used in dictionary definitions. (A.C. Krizan et al., Business Communication, 8th ed. South-Western, Cengage, 2011)Adjectives change form or add more or most to show comparison. Almost all one-syllable adjectives—as well as many of two syllables—add er to their positive (noncomparative) form to show comparison with one thing; this form is called the comparative form. To show  comparison  with two or more things, these adjectives add est; this is called the superlative form. Some two-syllable adjectives and almost all adjectives with three or more syllables show comparison with one item by placing the word more before the adjective; they show comparison with two or more items by placing the word most before the adjective.(Peder Jo nes and Jay Farness, College Writing Skills, 5th ed. Collegiate Press, 2002) Pronunciation: POZ-i-tiv

Jackie Robinson And The Civil Rights Movement - 1617 Words

In 1947, Major League Baseball changed forever because of hall of fame player Jackie Robinson. As a result of discrimination and segregation in America it was very difficult for black people to exercise their rights during this time period. Throughout the 1940’s and 1950’s Jackie Robinson’s baseball career dramatically changed as he was the first African American Major League Baseball player. However after signing to play for the Brooklyn Dodgers integration started to become a reality in some societies today. The efforts of Jackie Robinson enabled the Civil Rights Movement to gain the national attention in order to succeed. Jackie Robinson was born on January 31, 1919 in Cairo Georgia. When he was very young his father, Jerry Robinson†¦show more content†¦When he was too young to get proper education, his sister Willa Mae would bring him to the sandbox at the school where he would wait and play throughout the day until his sister was finished with the school day. On his free time he enjoyed doing people s errands and the family took on any possible jobs to keep them together. When Jackie Robinson starts to become older he started to seek more interest in sports. As he progressed, he would join to play with kids older than him because he excelled at a faster pace than other kids. At this time this brings him into a time where he seeks interest in Baseball. As Jackie Robinson started his sports career, he went to school at Pasadena Junior College in 1937. Soon after he attended the University of California at Los Angeles. Here he played football, basketball, track and baseball. Although he graduated from UCLA in 1941 he was soon after recruited to serve in the army in 1942. He was sent to Ft. Riley and was a 2nd lieutenant in 1943. He leads the Jim Crow Army. Jackie Robinson faced issues with his ankle while he was serving his time, so one day he took a bus to the doctor. As he was on the bus his lieutenant’s friend’s wife was on the bus as well. Jackie Robinson spoke to the white woman as if there was no problem and the bus driver asked Robinson to move to back and he refused. This made the driver furious and he took him off the bus and sent him right to the police captain. There Robinson was charged a fine because ofShow MoreRelatedJackie Robinson And The Civil Rights Movement1432 Words   |  6 Pagesto whites. Jackie Robinson made an important step in gaining rights for African Americans when he broke the color barrier of baseball in 1947. He did this by making civil rights his ambition even before the protests began (Coombs 117). Jackie Robinson’s fame as a baseball player and determination to defeat adversity transformed him into an inspirational figure for those involved in the Civil Rights Movement. Jack Roosevelt Robinson was born the youngest of Jerry and Mallie Robinson in Cairo, GeorgiaRead MoreCivil Rights Movement : Jackie Robinson1477 Words   |  6 PagesCivil rights was an important American issue through the late 40s through the 60s. During this time period Baseball was â€Å"America’s Pastime, â€Å"and a major social get together for white Americans. However in 1947 both of these event were combined when the Brooklyn Dodgers gave Jackie Robinson a chance to play professional baseball. Jackie Robinson is the target of my biography. Robinson not only was the first African American baseball player, but he also had a hall of fame career, and eventually hadRead MoreJackie Robinson And The Civil Rights Movement1554 Words   |  7 PagesSince 1839, baseball was a white man’s game. That would all change when Jackie Robinson signed with the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1942. This would be a major victory for African Americans during the Civil Rights Movement. Before Robinson entered the league, African Americans played in the National Negro League and Whites played in the MLB(Major League Baseball). At this time in history blacks were still fighting for equality every single day. They were segregated by going to different schools than whitesRead MoreJackie Robinson And The Civil Rights Movement1414 Words   |  6 PagesIn the pre-dawn of the Civil Rights Movement, the 1940s were rife with racial tension. Nearly all public institutions were segregated. Libraries, schools, transportation, the armed forces. Sports teams were just as rigorously divided into two sects--the Negro leagues and the major leagues. There was no question about which division a black man would play for. Nobody dared cross the rift between whites and blacks; they were too afraid. Eventually, however, all it took was one man to begin breakingRead MoreJackie Robinson and the Civil Rights Movement Essay1229 Words   |  5 PagesAmerican community, Jackie Robinson was just wh at the sports pages said he was, no more, no less. He was the first Negro to play baseball in the major leagues. Everybody knew that, but to see the real Jackie Robinson, you must de-emphasize him as a ball player and emphasize him as a civil rights leader. That part drops out, that which people forget. From his early army days, until well after his baseball days, Robinson had fought to achieve equality among whites and blacks. Jackie acted out the philosophyRead MoreJackie Robinson And The American Dilemma882 Words   |  4 PagesIn the biography Jackie Robinson and the American Dilemma by John R. M. Wilson, it tells the story of racial injustice done after world war II and explains how Jackie Robinson was pioneer of better race relations in the United States. The obstacles Jackie Robinson overcame were amazing, he had the responsibility to convert the institutions, customs, and attitudes that had defined race relations in the United States. Seldom has history ever placed so much of a strain on one person. I am addressingRead MoreProfessional Sports: A Barrier Meant to be Broken Essay1225 Words   |  5 Pagesin professional sports was a turning point in history. It happened in 1947, when Jackie Robinson, an African-American athlete, began playing for the Brooklyn Dodgers under the watchful eye of their owner, Branch Rickey. The man who broke this barrier was a hero in his own right, changing the world of baseball as well as aiding the Civil Rights Movement. But this was not his only heroic accomplishment. Robinson was a star athlete as a child, at the University of California, Los Angeles, and inRead MoreAmerica s Favorite Pastime And Jackie Robinson Essay1661 Words   |  7 PagesAmerica’s Favorite Pastime and Jackie Robinson The game of baseball has been intertwined in our history. It has been there through the wars and the civil rights movements. The game has seen it all. There have been great players who have put their career’s on hold to fight for their country. â€Å"More than 500 major league baseball players during World War II, including stars like Ted Williams, Stan Musial and Joe DiMaggio†. There is one player that didn’t have to put his career on hold to fight for hisRead MoreJackie Robison vs Ali Essay1640 Words   |  7 PagesJack Roosevelt â€Å"Jackie Robinson† Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr â€Å"Muhammad Ali† Muhammad Ali once said, Hating people because of their color is wrong. And it doesnt matter which color does the hating. Its just plain wrong.† Muhammad Ali stood for the common black man, so did Jackie Robinson. Both of these men were professional athletes, two different sports, baseball and boxing, were changed forever because of these men. They both broke segregation barriers not only in their profession butRead MoreThe Color Legacy in Major Leage Baseball1125 Words   |  5 PagesBefore 1947, Major League Baseball had never had a black player, although there were Negro Leagues. Jackie Robinson broke that. It takes courage and dedication to chase after something you love. Jackie had that for the game of baseball. The Civil Rights Movement was occurring during the time Jackie enter the Major Leagues, so the times were tough for him. Jackie did more than just play baseball; he introduced a whole new way to play the game, with blacks and whites. He did this by breaking the co lor

Economic tern English

Economic tern English-Chinese Essay farm products AuAfast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) iEUaAIuNAfear appeals Oa/EACESsCofeatures IOOFederal Department Stores AiUoEIeFederal Trade Code FTC) AiAOFedEx (Federal Express) AiiYfeedback data AEyYfield test marketing EOEaEOfinancing EUEfisheries OaOfit and finish aEEOeIaUfixed costs IEfixed salary IEflanker strategy aOioOAOflanker/fighting brand OAAAflanking and encirclement strategies aOioOeIAOAOflat organizational structure aAAeOaFOB origin pricing FOBuOUfocus strategy OOAOfollowers EaOSsFord IOEforeign middlemen uIaOaEIforestry AOOformalization IE/aformulate OAfortress/position-defence strategy AOuAYOAOFortune AOOOforward integration IoCOIafranchise systems IOiIIfranchising IOiOfree call numbers AaNcAAefree goods AaNEIAfreight-absorption pricing AaEOOENUfringe benefits ioIufrontal attack strategy OyAaoOAOfull costing profitability analysis EEOAuOOIofull-service wholesalers EIbInAAuEIfunctional competencies and resource allocation OAUAUAOeEOOAafunctional efficiency OAUAEfunc tional organization of sales force IuEUOAUeOIuEUOIefunctional organizational structure OAUIeOafunctional performance AUOAUfunctional strategy OAUOAOGgames EEgap iagatekeepers AIYOSsgeneral behavioral descriptors OaIaAGeneral Electric (GE) IOAcAoGeneral Foods Corporation IOAEAgeneral merchandise discount chains oOUEIAOUUAEoeGeneral Motors IOAAugeodemographics CoOoEEUIAIOOgeographic adjustments OAiOugeographic distribution OAiOgeographical organization of sales force OCoeOIuEUOIeGillette AIBeglobal adjustments ECoOuglobal elite consumer segment ECoOIuNAEglobal expansion ECoAOAglobal marketing control ECoOIuOOAglobal markets ECoEglobal niche strategy ECouaOAOglobal standardization strategy ECoeOAOglobal teenage segment ECoCaEUAeEglobalization ECoglobal-market expansion ECoEAOAgoals UAegoing-rate/competitive parity pricing OuOAUUgoods producers uAOAOiEIGoodyear IIOOiAOIgovernment agencies Obugovernment buyers ObEOSsgovernment market ObEgovernment regulation ObUOAgreenhouse effect IAEOOg rey market OEEgross domestic product (GDP) uAUEuuUOgross margin AAugross national product (GNP) uAnEuuUOgross profit AAugross rating points (GRPs) UoOEygroup/category product manager AaouAAigrowing markets EEgrowth rate of market EOoAEgrowth stage of product life cycle uAEuAOUAUAEIgrowth-extension strategies OoAOAOAOgrowth-market strategies for market leaders EAiOSsAEOoOAOgrowth-market strategy EOEOAOgrowth-market targeting strategy EOEIOAOguarantee/warranty O/guarantees OGucci AcuEAcOoAuEAAAHHaagen-Dazs buiEhard technology OEoHarvard Business Review boEIOAAAUharvest EOnharvesting pricing EOnUharvesting strategy EOnOAOhealth care OAAhealth maintenance organizations (HMOs) AAuIAEueOheavy buyer oIHeileman Brewing CompanyHeinz aEIEAhelpfulness OOaOHenkel SsHertz OEAAuAuaABBIHewlett-Packard YAOEhierarchy of strategy OAOAaIhigh margin/low-turnover retailers SsAuEo/IOUAEAAaEUEIhigh market share global strategy SsEYiECoOAOhigh-contact service system SsObInIIhigh-involvement product SsIOeuA high-involvement purchase SsIOeAohight market share SsEYiOAOHilton IuUHoliday Inns UEOAAYhomogeneous market IOEEHonda Iihousehold/family life cycle OIEuAOUAUhousehold OIhybrid technology iIEoIIBM uEEIOAuAidea generation OaAuEu/EuEideas for new products AuAOa/Ieidea-screening process OaENyIidentification of segments EoIOEIllinois Tool Works OAAuAESsimage pricing IIoUimitative positioning AAIimitative strategy AAOAOimpact evaluation OIiAAAimpersonal sources CoEEAAIAOimplementation and control of marketing programs OIuAAOIOOAimplementation EEimprovements in or revisions of existing products IOOuAAAAoBOyimpulse buying aAoimpulse goods aAoAincentives Aoincome EOEeincreased penetration strategy OoOEoIOAOindirect costing profitability analysis aOEOAuOOIoindividual brand ooAAAindividual value oEEUOindustrial goods ; services OuAIbInindustrial goods channels OAOIuCbAindustry attractiveness OIOyAindustry attractiveness-business position matrix OIOyA-OInOIOOoindustry dynamics uOIindustry evalu ation uOAAAindustry evolution uONYainelastic EUnOinfluencers OIiOSsinfocommunications industry AIIAOinfomercials EIOAIaainformation age AIEuinformation search AIENinformation technology AIEoinformation AIinformative aOOAingredient EYin-home personal interview oEEOIAIin-house use tests AUEOAaEOinnovation Ainnovativeness AOinstallation EeEin-store display eAUOEin-store positioning eAUOin-store promotion eAUUIuintangibles IBIintegrated marketing communication plan (IMC) OuIOIuAintegration of perception OOuIintegration OuIIntel OoIOuintensity of market position EOIAOIEintensity OIEintensive distribution AUIOIuinteractions across multiple target markets aAeEaAIaOAinteractive media EAIainterest rates AuAEinternal data sources AUEyYAOinternal marketing AUOIuinternal organizational structure AUeOainternational advertising uEaainternational channels uEOIuCbAinternational division uEOinternational marketing uEOIuinternational organizational design uEeOEeAinternationalization of services bInAu Eintroductory stage of product life cycle uAEuAOUAUAIAoIinventory level aaEAinvestor relations advertising IEOIaaissue advertising UaaaJJaquar AAOBJell-O Ajobbers AuEIJohnson ; Johnson CEujoint ventures IEjury of executive opinion ObUAiEEOEIaOaujust noticeable difference (JND) CCEOaAiOijust-in-time (JIT) management system EOAUAiIaIjust-in-time purchasing arrangements EEAAKKao IoKeiritsu AIKellogg AanEKentucky Fried Chicken (KFC) IAukey account management OOIUAikey accounts OIkey benefits EAAuOakey environmental issue identification EOOAIEIakey variables OaAkey/house accounts O/uIKmart AeIOKodak AiKomatsu EEEKraft ULlaboratory tests ENeEOaEOleapfrog strategy IUIoOAOlearning hierarchy NIaalegal services AEbInlegislation Alegitimate power Elevel of compensation eoEAlevel of technical sophistication EoAOOIELevi Strauss AiIEIOAIELevis AIEECoioAAbOAOiEIlexicographic model EaaeAIlifestyle EuiElimited-service wholesalers OIBbInAAuEIline extension uAISsAOline filling uAISsIialine stretching uAISsNOEilist price ULloyds of London AOAIAIOElocalizaiton strategy OOAOlocation pricing EuUlocation IOAlodging IYoalogistical alliances oCUAAElong-term memory AUCOalost customer EEAEILouis Vuitton AOIbCuOoAuEEAAAlow-contact service system IObInIIlow-cost defender IEAOuIlow-cost position IEOIlow-involvement hierarchy IIOeIEaaLucent Technologies AENAMmacro risks eUcIOmacroenvironment eUmacrosegmentation eUIOmail-order retailers OEAaEUEImaintaining market share OEYimaintenance strategy OOAOmanagement overhead UAiNmandatory adaptation COAOEEOmanufacturer brand OAOiEI/EuOAAAmanufacturers agents/representatives EuuEIAuAiEI/IuEUuimanufacturers export agents (MEA) OAOiEIoUuAimanufacturers sales offices/branches EuuEIAIuEUiEA/OOumanufacturing process OAOiyImanufacturing OAOiOmarket aggregation strategy OuIaEOAOmarket attractiveness factors EIOyAOoEOmarket attractiveness EIOyAmarket attractiveness/business position matrix EIOyA/OInOIOOomarket circumstances Emarket demorgraphics EEEUO/IAIOOma rket dimension EAEmarket entry strategies EoEeOAOmarket exclusion EAAamarket expansion strategy EAOAOAOmarket factors EOoEOmarket followers EuEaOSsmarket growth rate EOoAEmarket hirarchy EEmarket inclusion EAEEemarket leaders EAiOSsmarket measurement EaAmarket opportunity analysis EuaOIomarket oriented OOEIIoAmarket position factors EOIOoEOmarket positioning analysis EIOIomarket potential measurements ECAaEmarket research ENmarket segment IOEmarket segmentation EIOmarket share EYimarket targeting AeENOnmarket Emarketability EIOAUAmarket-entry strategies EoEeOAOmarketing action plan OIuAmarketing audit OIuEoAmarketing channel OIuCbAmarketing codes of conduct OIuIamarketing communication OIuI/marketing concept OIuUAimarketing control OIuOOAmarketing decision support systems (MDSS) OIuoSsOOIImarketing environment audit OIuEoAmarketing flows and functions OIuyIIOAUmarketing function area audit OIuAUAiOoA EoAmarketing implications of OOIuAOIimarketing information system OIuAIIImarketing institutions OIuumarketing management OIuUAimarketing message OIuAImarketing mix OIueImarketing policy OIuSsAOmarketing productivity area audit OIuEuuAAiOoAEoAmarketing program components OIuAAUEYmarketing program OIuA/marketing relationship OIuOImarketing research OIuNmarketing strategy OIuOAOmarket-management organizational structure EUAieOamark-up price uA/OcUUnMarlboro IoAMarriott Hotel IoAAemass-market penetration strategy oaAEEoIOAOmass-market strategy oEOAOmatrix organizational structure OOoeOaMatsu****a EOEEIAcOmature conformists EEiAEaoAOSsmature markets EEiEmature stage of product life cycle uAEuAOUAUAEEiIMcDonalds AoAIMcDonnell Douglas AoAEMCIcNECEAcIAEMDSS (Marketing-Decision Support System) EoSsOOIImeasurability EaEOmeasure or index aAOemeasurement criteria AAemedia audiences AIaEUOUmedical and health services OAAIAEubInMedico Containment Servicesmemory of consumers IuNOSsCOaMercedes-Benz AEAE-UMercer Management Consulting AAuAAOCUAiEIEEmerchandising IAIumerchant middle men uAUAOOaEImerchant wholesalers EIOAuEImessage structure AIaMichael Porter AoEu-IOmicro risks IUcIOmicrosegmentatioin IUIOMiller Tyding ACT, USA AAOIminging oOMinnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company (3M) AAaEOioOIOAOiEMinolta AAAUimiscellaneous sources aAaAOmission UOmissionary selling IAIuEIuEUMitsubishi Heavy Industries EyAaOOmodified rebuy OuOUmonosegment positioning OIOEIMonsanto AIEAOEuIiEoEmoral appeals AAi/AAESsComorals AAMotorola AIABAmultichannel distribution aCbAOIumultidimensional scaling aIEmultilevel selling aIuEUmultinational coporations (MNCs) cuEmultiple test markets aaEOEmultiple-brand strategy aAAAOAOmultiple-factor index aOoEOOEymultisegment positioning aOOIOEImutual trust IaAEINNabisco Biscuit AEEEyEEnational account management EuOIUAinational market uAUENational Semiconductor AAuuOeIaEnatural products IiEuANEC EOcONescaf EENestl Enet sales IuEUinetwork computer (NC) IoAcAEaunew business 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Countries) AAaEEOIEaoueOopening relationships AOIoperating supplies EuuOA operational excellence OEUAiEAopinion leaders OauAiOSsopportunity cost uaEopportunity identification uaEoopportunity/threat matrix ua/IbOOoorder cycle time oOUAUorder processing Aiorganisational level eOaIorganizaitonal requirement planning eOeCoAorganization area audit eOAiOoAEoAorganization buying center eOEOAorganizational customer eOEIorganizational direct selling eOOIuorganizational markets eOEorganizational purchasing eOEorganzational structure eOaoutdoor enthusiasts IaOEAOSsout-of-home media IaaaAIaoverall cost leadership EAaEAiIEoverheads EOOoverseas direct investment IaOOIEownership of new product AuAEuOEPPacific Electric IANocAopackaging panel of experts Oeparentage OOparties involved OApayment terms OIoipay-off control OoOOApenetration pricing EoIUPepsi-Cola UEAEAOperceived customer value EIOUOperceived quality OAOEAperceived value OAUOpercentage of sales promotion budgeting method IuEUiUOEUIuOEaperceptions of consumers IuNOSsO/Aiaperceptual (product) pisitioning OuAIperc eptual map OIperceptual organization OeOperceptual vigilance OAIeperformance dimension Oeperformance evaluation OAAAperformance measures iIO/OaEperformance objective Aeperformance standards eperformance AUperishability COAOpersonal selling EEOIAIupersonal sources oEEAAIAOpersonnel development EEAEOpersuasive EbOApharmaceuticals industry OOOphysical (product) positioning IiAiuAIphysical descriptors IiAiaAphysical distribution EIiOIuPillsbury AuEEopioneers IEEeOSsPizza Hut OEIplace utility OaOAplanning and control system area audit AOeOOAIIAiOoAEoApoint of sale information IuEUaAIpoint-of-purhcase (POP) promotion EaUIupoint-of-sales (POS) data IuEUaEyYpontificator EOAEpopularity IOAOpopulation trends EEUCEAportfolio models for resource allocation EOAaOAAEueIAEposition intensity OIOIEpositioning Ipossession utility OOOApost-purchase dissonance AooApost-purchase evaluation AooAAApost-purchase/after-sale service EUobInpotential advantages COUOAEApotential customer COUEIpotential market C OUEpotential target market COUAeEpower in distribution OIuEApower of buyers AoOSsAUApower of suppliers OEIAUApredatory pricing AOaOUpre-empting scarce resources IEOIEEOpreferential treatment IOYyOopremiums iIaAopresent competitors IOOAOuOSspresenting sales message IaIuEUAIpre-test market research aEOCENprice discrimination UnAcEOprice elasticity of demand eCoAUnOprice fixing UnEeprice leaders UnAiOSsprice lining UnAAAUprice promotion UnUIuprice quotation Uprice sensitivity UnAoEprice structure Unaprice Unprice/earnings ration Un/EOOaEprice-off promotions UUIuprice-setting process UyIpricing adjustments UOupricing policies UnSsAOpricing Uprimary demand ueCoprimary sources UOAa/OOEyYprint media OEAIaprivate/for-profit organization EO/OAuOeOPRIZM (Potential Rating Index for Zip Markets) OEObCoIuACAEOEyproactive new-product development strategy oEIAuAOAOprobability sampling AAEeNuproblem formulation cIEIaproblem identificatioin EIEIaprocess management yIUAiProcter ; Gamble (P;G) aEprodu ct line uAISsproduct availability uAAEnAOproduct category uAAaoproduct class uAAaoproduct decisions uAoSsproduct design uAEeAproduct development uAproduct dimension or attributes uAIE/EoOproduct evolution uANYaproduct features uAIOOproduct intent share uACaIoYiproduct leadership uAAiAUAproduct life cycle (PLC) uAEuAOUAUproduct life cycle curve uAEuAOUAUCuISsproduct line uAISsproduct manager audit uAAiEoAproduct offering OAproduct organizaiton of salesforce uAeOIuEUOIeproduct policies uASsAOproduct positioning uAIproduct quality uAOEAproduct scope uAIproduct space uAIOAproduct specifications uAanproduct systems uAIaIproduct type uAAaIproduct usage uAOAIproduct uAproduct(ion)-oriented organization uA/EuuIoIeOproduction Euuproduct-line pricing adjustments uAISsUOuproduct-management organizational structure uAUAieOaproduct-market entry control uAEoEeOOAproduct-related behavioral descriptors OeuAIaOAIaAproducts market characteristics uAAEIOOproduct-use testing uAEOAaEOpro-environment pro fit impact of market strategy (PIMS) EOAOAAuEoOIiprofitability analysis OAuOOIoprofitability OAuO/OAuAUAprofitable survivor strategy OAuEIAEuaOSsOAOproject-company resource compatibility IiAOeEEOAOprojected profit-and-loss statement OAEoOaiprojective tests IOaEOpromotion decisions UIuoSspromotion mix UIueIpromotion policies UIuSsAOpromotion UIupromotional allowance UIuOUEApromotional effort UIuAApromotional pricing UIuUpromptness EOpropector strategy IEIOAOprospecting for customers NOOEIpsychographics AAiIAIOOpsychological cost AAiEpsychological pricing AAiUpublic organization eOpublic relations OIpublic utilities EeEpublicity upull strategy for control of distribution channels OIuCbAOOAAAEOAOpupil dilation IAOApurchase predisposition AoCaIopurchasing agent EuAipurchasing contract EIIpurchasing manager/agent EAiuAipurchasing power perity (PPP) AoAAUOEypush money/spiffs Oopush stragtegy for control of distribution channels OIuCbAOOAAIAEOAOQqualifying prospects EoeCOUEIEnquality dimen sions OEAIEquality OEAquantity discount EyAOUUquestion marks IEIaAaquestioning NIEquotas iRR ; D expenditure NOAOrace and ethnic origin OOaIAnarack jobbers OEAAuEIradio IBISscarank ordering AAorate of adoption EAErate-of-return/target return pricing OAE/AeOUrational appeals AiOESsCorationale uOAiraw materials OAAIreactive and proactive responses OCEaSsAOreactive new-product development strategyreactor strategy OIOAOreal estate Ourebates OUrecall tests COaaEOreceiver OEOOSsreciprocity AuOaYrecognition of problem/need IOIEIa/eCorecognition tests EIOaEOrecreation OeAOOrecruitment and selection OAOeNIrecycling of packaging OEOAuOAReebok Enreference group IOOEIareferent power IOOErefocus Irefunds IEirefusal to deal UoOregression analysis OeOIoregulation UOArelated/concentric diversification IaO/IAaOrelational VMSs IaOEOOIuIIrelative attractiveness of declining markets EIEEAIaOIOyArelative market potential IaOECArelative market share IaOEYireliability EOrepeat purchase behavior OOAoIrepet ition OOrepositionings OOAIuArequirements planning eCoAreseller OaEIresident buyers EOresource allocation/deployment EOAaOAresponse strategies OSsAOresponse to communication IiOresponsive strategy OIAuAOAOresponsiveness IiOOretail coverage strategy AaEUIOAORetail Index AaEUOEyretail outlets AaEUeretail sales AaEUiretailer co-operatives AaEUEIIEcretailer AaEUEIretailing trends AaEUCEAReturn on Equity (ROE) EOaOAEReturn on Investment (ROI) IEOAEReturn on Net Assets (RONA) EuOAEreverse engineering IoIreward systems AoIIrivalry determinants OuoOoEOrivalry OuOEORobert Miles ABIOAouERockwell AaEIbuRolex AIAERolls-Royce AIEAEroster AuaRover ABoESsalary osales agents IuEUuAiEIsales analysis by customer EIIuEUOIosales analysis by order size oaAAIuEUOIosales analysis by product uAIuEUOIosales analysis by territory CoOoIuEUOIosales analysis IuEUOIosales forcasting IuEUOasales force estimates IuEUEEOAAsales force size IuEUOIeaAsales force IuEUOIesales forecasting IuEUOasales management IuEUUAis ales organization IuEUeOsales performance IuEUiIO/Osales personnel incentives IuEUEEOAosales personnel IuEUEEOsales planning IuEUAsales potential IuEUCAsales promotion IuEUUo/UIusales territory IuEUOCosales trends IuEUCEAsales IuEUisales/price reduction IuEU/UnIAsample design NuEeAsample size Nuosampling eNusampling IaNuAscale efficiency aAAEscaled measures EAyaEscoring models AAAAIscreening of ideas OaENsealed bidding OeSears IuEsecondary sources UbAa/IOEyYsecond-but-better new-product development strategy oOSsOEIIAuAOAOsecurity OEOsegmentation and targeting IOOeAeNOnsegmentation criteria IOesegmentation descriptors EIOaAsegmentation EIOSeiko EOOeEaEcECoOoAuAoOuEuuEIselective demand NOnOeCoselective distribution NOnOIuselective exposure NOnOOselective perception NOnOO/Aiaselective retention NOnOAoself-employed person AAOAoEEself-managing teams OIOUAiIAOself-oriented OIOIoIselling groups IuEUIAOselling proposition IuEUA/IaOeselling IAIu/IuEUservice guarantees bInOservice industry bI nuOservice organization bIneOservice quality bInOEAservice bInserviceability bInAUAserviceability EEOAOservices channels bInCbAservicing products bInuAservicing the account IbInsetting quotas Eishake-out stage Ishared programs/facilities OIiA/Eeshare-growth strategies for followers EaOSsAEYiOoOAOshareholder value EUOshare-maintenance YiOSherman Act, USA AAuuAshopping goods IuNAshort-term memory IAUCOasignal vehicle/carrier AAOOIasimulated test marketing AAaEaEOsingle-factor index OoEOOEysingle-line mass-merchandiser stores OAaIuAOAEoeSKF EoaOaEskimming and early withdrawal AOOeOcAeOAOskimming pricing AOUsleepwalker/contented underachievers AIOIOSs/UEYOAuaAEEslotting allowance OAoIusocial acceptability EcaEOEUOsocial class Ecaasocial objectives EcaAesociocultural environment EcaIAsoft goods CAIOAAsoft technology EiEosole ownership entry strategy AIiEuOEAoEeOAOSony EAasource credibility AIAOAEAEsource aaAIAOsources of data EyYAOsources of new-product ideas AuAOaAOspeciality goods IOEa Aspeciality retailers OAaEUEIspeciality stores OEIespecialization AAspokesperson uNOEESprint EAOAOIOStandard Industrial Classification (SIC) eOOAauAestandardization strategy eOAOstandby positioning OAIstaple goods EOOAAStarbucks CIEstars ACAastatement of job qualifications OCoEAstock levels aaEAstockless purchase arrangement IBaoEAstore brands AaEUEIAAAstraight commission compensation plan OoOAestraight rebuy OOOUstraight salary compensation plan oOAestrategic alliances OAOAAEstrategic business unit (SBU) OAOO/OInIstrategic control OAOOOAstrategic fit OAOOstrategic group OAOestrategic inertia OAOSsOstrategic intent/objective OAOAestrategic marketing program OAOOIuAstrategic pricing objectives OAOUAestrategic withdrawal OAOIEstrategy constraints OAOOIiOoEOstrategy formulation and implementation OAOOAIEEstrategy implementation OAOEEstrategy reassessment OAOOOAsubculture NCIAsubfactor IOoEOsubstitute goods IauAsubstitution threat IauuAAIbsuccess rates EAESumitomo ONEIEASun Microsystems INoIIIsupermarkets Esupplementary media OuOaaAIasuppliers bargaining power OEIAIOUUAUAsurrogate products IauuAsurvey esurvival pricing EuaUsustainable competitive advantage EOoAOuOAEAsweepstakes EAeswitching cost Esymbols uAsynergy IOATtabulation OAiTaco Bell EbEOOtangibility OIOTantem Computerstarget audience AeEUOUtarget level of product quality uAOEAetarget or hurdle level AeoANEEAtarget return price AeOUntargeting strategy AeENOnOAOtargeting AeENOntaste UI/IAteam selling IAOIuEUtechnical selling EoIuEUtelecommunications industry cNuOtelemarketing cIuEUtelevision audience measurement cEOUOUaAtelevision home shopping cEOOIIiterritorial restrictions OCoIBOAterritories CoOoterritory design and deployment CoOoEeAEoterritory inventory OCoaotest marketing EaEOtesting new product aEOAuAthe American Association for Public Opinion Research AAuOauNathe Council of American Survey Research Organization AAueNeOIOathe Fishbein Model AEoAIthe Marketing Research Association OIuNatheatre tests I OaEOthreat of new entrants AoEeOSsAIbthree order-hierarchy models EyIaaAITide IOTiffany iUAYTime EuOUtime frame EaoU/OCotime pricing EaUtime utility EaOATimex IiAAEtitle EuOEToshiba Ototal cost UEtotal quality managemnt (TQM) EAaOEAUAitough customer AIAEIToyota Motor Corporation aIiToys R Us AAuOoAuIaSsAaEUEItracking and monitoring uUOeaOtrade mark EIetrade promotion AOUIutrade selling AOIuEUtrade/functional discounts AO/OAUOUUtrade-in allowance OOEAOUEAtrading companies AOEtraditional stores IEIetraining AaNtransactiional efficiency OAEtransaction cost analysis (TCA) OEOIotransportation OEEatrends CEAturnkey construction contract aObAoOturnover EEOAtwo-sided presentations EIoAIAEotying contracts oIobAIITylenol IAtypes of adverstising aaOOAatypes of brand AAAOOAatypes of costs EOOAaUultimate customers/end users iOOEI/OAunderlying dimension ueEOEOuniform delivered pricing IOOENUUnilever AIAuUnion Pacific Railroad AIIANoIuAunit cost IEunit sales IuAIuEUiunitary price elasticity IeCoUn OUniversal Product Code (UPC) IOEIAaAeuniverse NuUIaunrelated/conglomerate diversification IaOunsought goods CECouAUPS AIbInUS Patent Office of the Department of Commerce AAuEIInAuOUSA Today nEOAAuusage OAIuse tests EOAaEOusers EOAOSsutility/price relationship OA/UnOIVVALS2 UOOeEuiEIaI2value UOvalue-based planning UOuAvariability aOvariable costs EaEvariable incentive EaAoeEvariance decomposition analysis AiOaOIoVCR (video cassette recorder) AInuvending sales OEUoOvending-machine operators OEUouOEIvendor analysis OEIOIovertical integration O/YIoOIavertical marketing systems (VMS) OOIuIIvision OVolvo IOuIOWWall Street Journal uOEOWal-Mart IOuAeWalt Disney IEAawant OuCowarranty OEAOweight OEWella IAWendys IAIWhirlpool YoAOwholesale clubs AuaAOwholesaler-sponsored voluntary chains AuEIAoAOOAEowholesaling trends AuCEAwin-back program OOEIworking capital investment OUEoIEeworkload approach AEaAWorld Wide Web (WWW) IoIIoXXerox EAOYYamaha NAAibyoung urban trend setters AeCaACEAAiOSsZzero d efect AaEIYzone pricing OCoU All That Is: Incubus Essay